Also, the average content validity coefficient regarding relevancy, clarity and overall average were 0.86, 0.88, and 0.87, respectively. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.84. By calculating the content validity ratio and coefficient, 20 and 17 were removed. Results: After completing the face validity and after summarizing the experts’ suggestions, 12 questions were deleted. To evaluate the structural validity, the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) using the principal component and the Varimax rotation was applied. To test the reliability of the questionnaire, the test-retest method and internal consistency assessment were used. After the assuring the face validity of the questionnaire, 27 experts’ opinions in the field of traffic was obtained for assessing/improving the content validity. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the initial questionnaire was designed based on the evaluation of previous studies conducted world-wide or in Iran. This study aimed to develop and validate a pedestrian behavior questionnaire to be used in Iran. Objective: Pedestrians are road users vulnerable to traffic injuries and fatalities. Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iranĭepartment of Public Health, School of Public Health & Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iranĭepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranĢHealth Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 3Research Center for Neuromodulation and Pain, Shiraz, Iran Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

The pedestrian time to beat